In geography, a bank is the land alongside a body of water.
Different structures are referred to as banks in different fields of geography.
In limnology, a stream bank or river bank is the terrain alongside the Stream bed of a river, creek, or stream.
The descriptive terms left bank and right bank refer to the perspective of an observer looking downstream; a well-known example of this being the southern Rive Gauche and the northern Rive Droite of the river Seine defining parts of Paris. The of , , estuary, , or are also of interest in limnology and are sometimes referred to as banks. The grade of all these banks or shorelines can vary from vertical to a shallow slope.
In freshwater ecology, banks are of interest as the location of riparian . occur along upland and lowland river and stream beds. The ecology around and depending on a marsh, swamp, slough, or estuary, sometimes called a bank, is likewise studied in freshwater ecology.
Banks are also of interest in navigation, where the term can refer either to a barrier island or a submerged plateau, such as an ocean bank. A barrier island is a long narrow island composed of sand and forming a barrier between an island lagoon or sound and the ocean. A submerged plateau is a relatively flat topped elevation of the sea floor at shallow depth — generally less than — typically on the continental shelf or near an island.
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